Air-compressor control,



E. HILL. AIR COMPRESSOR CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1, I916- Patented Apr. 16, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I IN VEN TOR.

A TTORNE Y.

E. HILL,

ARR COMPRESSOR CONTROL.

APPLICATION FILED N9v.1,19|e.

1,262,66K Patented Apr. 16, 1918.

T Y a SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY.

E. HILL.

AIR COMPRESSOR CONTROL APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1. 1916.

8 1 H3. n Mm 4 r m u H m D e M P BY fiat/ 7 INVENTOR ATTORNEY.

take of the fourth cylinder in the ordinary v Way. The air or gas enters through. the inhigh pressure.

take 8 of the first cylinder and is pumped trom that; cylinder through the pipe 9 into the inter-cooler where it is cooled. From this inter-cooler the air is drawn through the pipe 10 to the second cylinder and is pumped from that cylinder through the pipe 11 into the inter-cooler G'Where it is again cooled. From the inter-cooler 6 the air is drawn through the pipe 12 to the shied cylinder, from which it is pumped through the pipe to the inter-cooler 7. After passing through ,c

the inter-cooler 7 end being cooled therein the air is drawn throu h the i e 14 to thee: P P

fourth cylinder and is pumped therefrom through the discharge pipe 15 to the high ressure receiver 16 it the conolitions are such that the machine is to supply air at In the discharge pipe from the high pressure cylinder is an outwardly opening check-valve 17, and. passing from the intake pipe 14- of the high pressure cyllncler to the discharge pipe 15 of the high ressurec linder around the hi 'h ressure y a:

cylinder is a pipe 18 in which is e stop-velvel In the embodimeht of the invention shovvh in Fig. l the stops-valve is illustreteti Iris he. manually operated lock 19. The low pres fl sure receiver 20 is connected with the pipele between toe third inter-cooler anti the fourth cylinder by e nipe'fll, The pistons in the interior of the cylinders are connected as usual by a piston rod 22 which is reciprocateol by a link 23 connected with the crenl; on. the shaft 25 which has the l t '-.ivheel26. In the machine illustreteci the crank and tly- Wheel shaft has a, driving, policy 27, which belted to 1, pulley on the arn'mture"shaft 29 of an electric motor 30. While the compressor is illustratecl as motor driven, it could, of cocurse as is common, be engine driven.

When the machine is working with the valve 119 closed the air or gas is successively reisedi in the four cylinders from ethics giheric pressure to the highest pressure which, of course, tlepencls upon the propoe tions of the several cylinrlers, enclthis eiris forcetl at third pressure into the len pressure receiver 20, anti high pressure past the checlovelve 17 into the high pres sure receiver 16. When the neeii for pressure on ceases the valve 19 '35s opened by.

lianci. This puts the high pressure cylinder but of commission; the merely he 5 y A pumped around it through. the hy-pese pop Untier this condition all the 2111 which comes.

s .reto

from the third inter-cooler et the ore:

which it is raised by the first three cylinders is pumped at that pressure into the low sure receiver, and the compressor will comtihue to furnish air at the lower pr-=-isttre' neeeeev itieclesigned, or by opening the valve 19 the machine may he made to deliver all the air at the lower pressure only.- lhis arrange ment is valuable for all muitipleetege coinpressors Where it is desirable to operate the machines only small part of the time "for supplying the high pressure air.

' in. the arrangement'shovvn in Fig. 2 an automatically operated valve 31 is shown as placerl'in the bypass 18 from the intake 14 to the discharge 15 of the high pressure cyl-- intier l, its in the case with the hencloperateci valve, when this automatically opereteci valve is-closedl the high pressure cylinder is effective and supplies air at high pressure, and when this valve is open the high pressure cylinder is rendered ineffective, and all of the air is available for the lower pressure.

The valve 81 is of e helance type having tvvopcrlzs adapted to he closed by disks 33 nionnterl en a stern that is connected with the core 35 of e solenoiel 36v A s ring 37 is lei-hinged to normally lift the solenoid core and keep the valve open. When the solenoiefl is excited by the flow of current the core is drawn clown and the valve is closecli One terminal 88 of the solenoid "Winding may be connected by head 39 with a battery 4h? or other seer e of eiectri'cei energy; The ether termini of the selei'ioitl Winding; is connected a leacl. with various gages tle inoineter gage 5%, the second, terminal of f vvhic is ccn'nectecl with theterminel 49 et the i motneter 5G.

The pro. men type, ne former heinglconnectecl by i 6 with the high pressure side of the air no Jthehigh pressure cylinder, and rheing' connecteti hy' with i of the line'heiore er These pressure HOWE} We} so its to Luv igi'i pressure cy in the We a o 9 +1 n m.- vi LitlaG Hit-3 ELEM. tee. pressures; techometcr ill gages it and i7 ere of a. com.

o circuit at the,

melt the therm-em'eter I desired to have the compressor run.

compressor is not up to speed the hand of this instrument is ofi'the contact and the circuit is broken,

neoaeev' 54: are of a common type. The former may have its flexible drive shaft 58 connected with any suitable moving part pressor, the speed of which isto be utilized to control the opening and closing of the by-pass valve, and the latter may have its flexible pressure tube 59' connected with the expansion tube 60 which may be located in any part of the system, the temperature of which it is desired to utilize to control the opening and closing of the bypass valve. T he tachometer and thermometer are set in the well known way, so as to open and close the electric circuit speeds and temperatures.

The contact of the tachometer .or speed regulator can be set at any speed which is and when the circuit is through the openbroken the compressor is unloaded of ing of the automatic valve the high pressure cylinder. press'or gets up to speed the hand of the the circuit, then any of the other regulators trolthe pressures. This permits the :motor to be started up with but a light load. If

for any reason after the pressure controls take hold andare-regulating the compressor anything happens which slowsthe compressor down, the

cuit, and thus again unload the compressor of the high pressure cylinder until the normal speed is resumed.

When the compressor is starting up and there is no pressure the lay-pass valve will remain open and the high pressure cylinder will not pump into the line. The hands on the pressure gages, however, will rise together as the pressure creeps up. Whenever the pressure which is desired on. the low pressure side isreached, say for instance, 800 pounds, the contacts will be closed on both gages, and as they are in series current will pass close the bypass valve.

pressure cylinder in commission as long'as the pressure on the low pressureside keeps 3 up to the predetermined normal. lhis w ll continue until the pressure on the hi h pressure side reaches its predetermine point, say, 3,000 pounds, whenthe contact im the high pressure. gage will be broken and the circuit opened, so that-the by-pass valve will be lifted by its spring andthehigh pressure air cylinder will 'agaln be unloaded and all the air will be pumped -into ,-the low pres sure receiver. V l v The thermometer go e will control the bypass valve through it e solenoid and the Y of any part of the coma at the predetermined If the When the compressure receiver, or for instance, to can take hold andcow I tachometer hand will move oil from its contact and break the cirhigh pressure The low pressure side'of the: system is conbeing adjusted to such a through the solenoid and I "The compressor. will then continue to. work with the high- ,raised to normal.

tachometeraccording to the temperature oil the compressor or apparatus connected to it in any way that it is desired to utilize for the purpose.

in order to control the bypass by an ab normal rise in the high pressure receiver, or an abnormal drop in'the low pressure receiver, resulting from the demands for air at different pressures, an automatic bypass valve 61 may be arranged the bypass pipe 18 that the plunger is a passage 65 connected by pipe 66 which opens 'into a chamber 6? of an air control. This air control has a valve 68that is normally held closed by a spring extends from the intake 14.- to the discharge 15 around the high pressure This valve has a closing dish 69 which is placed on the stem 70 of the I valve. lhe intake pipe 71, whichis con? nected with the yond the check-valve 17, is normally hept closed by the valve 68.- If the pressure should rise abnormally high in the high 13,500 pounds, thatpressure will openthe air control'valve 68 and allow the high pressure air to flow through plunger 64. so as to I lift-the valve 62 "from it's scat. When this valve is lifted from its seat the by-pass' is opened so that the high pressure cylmder is cut out and all 'ofthe air will be pumped to the low .pressurereceiver 20. -When the pressure on the high. pressure side dro s to normal the control valve is closed by its spring and the b y-pass high pressure pipe '15 be" a the pipe 66' and raise the valve allowed to shut and again put the cylinder into cominimion.

nected by a pipe 72 with a control 73. This control has a plungei 7% that is normally pressed down by a spring 75, the spring degree that when the pressure on the low pressure side is normal the plunger'll is held raised by that pressure. If, however, the pressure on the low pressure side drops below normal, for instance, below 7 50 pounds, the spring 75. will force the plunger 74 downward'and its stem 7 6 will rock the lever 77 the stem 70 of the valve 68. When this is lifted, as before stated, the high pressure air passes through the control and raises the plunger (is so as to lift the by-p'ass valve 6 2 from its seat and open the by-pass. Under these conditions the b -pass will remain sure in the low premure receiver is again this simple invention the By means of linder of a multiple-stage high pressure c compressor can and cause it to lift;

lot

lid

e made edective or can he rendered inefiective byizhe manipulation of a manuaiiy operated "or an autcina ticaiiy p eretcd bypass vairehaThe automatic regu- -,lctio11 can be coniro'ilcd by gressurc cr temperature or sp ced or 4- combinerion of these agencies. Qflhe pressure utilized. can be that-oi the high pr low pressure receivers, "or both. The speed centre can be concitioned on the movement of of "file motor or compressor, and the g utilized may be that? in either of the or the fluid operated upon in en L e the system. 1

The automatic vali ms" 11' bypass the high pressure c erie: 'Whe high pressure becomes abnoruieiiy i When the low pressure becomessbncrn iow. Controiiing by the compressor s allows the motor to startup with I tiveiy light load and to keep up the sg if the load should become sufiicientiy high to cause an undue strain as the xnc'or. W'iien the tcmpercture'riscs in "the system and it, is desired to secure greater supply of air et high pressure so as to c'b'aein quiekdrop, the lay-pass valveis cicseci and when the temperature drops tc iiic dcsireci degree so that the system. will operatecf ficientiy-with air at lower pressure so pass is opened so as is cut out pressure cylinder, thus econoin power. .By utilizing this iuven iion i chine may be eiiicicntiy empicyeri X; has previously been thought be ncccsser: to employ twc machines, one for iii pressure and one inoeierete pressure.

The inventicc ciaii -ei is; 3 In an air com rcssor the cc'mbins'iicn of a low pressure cylinder having an intake c0 and discharge, a high pressure cyiimier i having an intakeanci' disciwrge, c uection between the riischerge or" she sure cylinder and the intake of 1 pressure cylinder, 3 iUW pressure connected with said connection oer; cylinders, a high pressure rccei nected with the discharge of the ii H sure cylinder, 3 rciurwpuss between connections to the low .f'i high 5o receivers, 'astopvclve in said. TQUHTKPPESS, and 21 imcicchecievaive in the connection. between the disci'mrge of the high pressure cylinder and the high pressure receiver be yond the point cf connection of the resume pass, whereby when said stcpwelve is open air will be pumped into the iOW pressure receiver but; not into the high pressure re-. ceirer,

2. In. an air compressor 68 057' a low pressure cylinder having and ciischerge, a high pressure cyiinzie having an intake zuni discharge a connection between the discharge cf the im'v Y 7 sure cylinder and ihe intake cf the high as pressure c iinder, i0 0 pressure receiver be e" een she ilil' combination can insaire J a, siwopwnive in connected. witirsaid ccnneciion between'the cyiimiers, a high pressure receiver connected. with rice discharge of the high pressure c yiinder, e return-pass between the cone nectious to the low and high pressure receivere a, stop-"waive in said return-pass, mechanism controlled by the pressure of air in iiie high pressure receiver icr closing and. o giening said si;cp-vcive,'and a hack- ,checig-vuive in the ccnncction bet-Ween the oiscimrgc of the high pressure cyiinier and in: .ingii Q17$SUE1 receiver beyond the point ciccnucciion oi? the return-pass, whereby having an intake and discharge, a c'cnnec tion between the discharge of the low ressu c cylinder and the intake offlie Jigh pressure cylinder, a 10W pressure receiver connected withsauiconnectlon between the cyiiuriers, a i-sge pressure receiver connected. with the iiscimrgc of v the high pressure id er, e return-passbetween the connecucus m iow and high pressure receivers said. returmpess, electromagneilic means ccntrciiec'i by the pressure in the high pressure receiver for controiiing the closing endopening of said stop-mire, and 5 1, imck-checievcive "in the connection between the discharge of the high pressure cyiincierand the high pressure rcceivcrbe-- yond point of COHDQCiHOIlOf the returnpass, whereby when the pressure in the high pressure receiver rises above normal said stop-valve is ripened and air will be pumped into the low pressure receiver but not into the high pressure recci ier.

is, In an compressor the combination of a low pressure cylinder having an intake and (iiscimrgc, a high pressure cylinder heeingz; an intake and discharge, a, connect-ion between the discharge of the low pressure cylinder aim? the intake of the, high pressure cyiiniier, e v10w, pressure receiver connected with seici connection between the cylinders, A high pressure "receiver connected with the discharge cf high pressure cylinder, a return-pass"betweenthe connections to the low emi nigh pressure receivers, a, stopwalve in said rct'urn pes's, electromagnetic means contrciieci by i'zhe pressures of air in the high pressure ene' ioiv pressure receivers for contreiling' tinc'cicsing and ripening cf'seiti stop vcive, and a buck-check-vcivc In the connecsion between the discharge of the high pres sure cyimder and the high pressure receiver beyond the oint of connection of the return-pass, w ereby when the pressure in the high pressure receiver rises above normal or the pressure in the low pressure receiver dro s below normal said stop-valve is opened an ,air will be pumped into the low pressure receiver but not into the high pressure receiver.

5. In an air compressor the combination of a low pressure cylinder having an intake and discharge, a high pressure cylinder having an intake and discharge, a connection between the discharge oi the low pressure cylinder and the intake of the high pressure cylinder, alow pressure receiver connected with said connection between the cylinders, a high pressure receiver connected with the discharge of the high pressure cylinder, a

return-pass between the connections to the;

low and high pressure receivers, a stopvalve in said return-pass, electro-magnetl'c means controlled by the pressures of air in the high and low pressure receivers and controlled by the temperature of the compressed air,

closing of said stop-valve, and a back-c eckvalve in the connection" between the discharge of the high pressurecylinder and the high pressure\rece1ver beyond the oint of connection of the return-pass, whereby when the pressure in the high pressure receiver rises above normal or the pressure in the low pressure receiver drops below normal or the temperature of the compressed air rises above normal said stop-valve is opened and air will be pumped into the low pressure receiver but not into the high pressure receiver.

6. In an air compressor the combination of a low pressure cylinder having an intake and discharge, a high pressure cylinder having an intake and discharge, a connection between cylinder and the intake of the high pressure cylinder, a low pressure receiver connected with said connection between the cylinders, a highpressure receiver connected with the discharge of the high pressure cylinder, a return-pass betweenthe connections to the low and high pressure receivers, a stop-valve in said return-pass, electro-magnetic means for controlling the openin and the discharge of the low pressure controlled by the pressures of air in the high and low pressure receivers and controlledby the temperature of the compressed air for controlling the closing and opening of said stop-valve, means controlled by the speed of the-compressor for controlling said res'sure and temperature controls, and a bac -ch'eckvalve in the connection between the :discharge of the high pressure cylinder and the high pressure recelver beyond the point of connection of the return-pass, whereby when the speed of the compressor is slow said stopvalve is opened.

7. In an air compressor the combination of a low pressure cylinder havin an intake and discharge, a high pressure cy inder having an intake and discharge, a connection the discharge of the low pressure between cylinder and theintake of the high pressure cylinder, a low pressure receiver connected with said, connection between the cylinders,

a high pressure receiver connected with the discharge of the high pressure cylinder, a return-pass between the connections to the low and high pressure receivers, a stop-valves 1n sa1d return-pass, electro-magnetic means for controlling the closing and opening of said stop-valve, means controlled by pressure connected with the high pressure receiver for controlling the said magnetic means, means controlled by pressure connected with the low pressurereceiver for controlling said magnetic means,

the compressor is running at a predetermined speed. I

EBENEZER HILL.

means controlled by tem-' erature connected with the high pressure 

